Surveying instrument



J. ROSALES.

SURVEYING INSTRUMENT.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 8. 1920.

1,380,333. Patented May 31, 1921.

W, lgi/ENTOR A TTORNEYS UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JERMAN ROSALES, 0F YORK, N. Y.

SURVEYING INSTRUMENT.

Specification of Letters Patent. Pate t d pl 31 1921 Application filed April 8, 1920. Serial No. 372,123.

,perienced in the use of the instrument,the

adjustments necessary in the case of surveying instruments as now constituted being eliminated.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a surveying instrument wherein gravitation and the floating properties of liquids are relied upon for always maintaining the instrument in condition for use and for insuring accuracy of the instru- I ment at all times. 7

As well understood, in surveying instruments as now constructed, a great deal of time is consumed in adjusting the instrument for use, these adjustments being necessary in order that accuracy of the instrument may be insured before the same is placed for service and this being so it will be understood that unless the instrument 1s so adjusted the accuracy of the survey will be destroyed, and hence it becomes an object a of this invention to provide an instrument wherein these adjustments are taken care of automatlcally. j v

In the accompanylng drawings I have illustrated an embodiment of my invention,

and referring to these drawings in general,-

Figurel my invention, the embodiment here illus trated being applied to the ord1nary field glass forming a part of the usual surveying instrument;

I 1 I have illustrated a field glass or telescope lwhich may be of any deslred conillustrates in part sectional elevation a surveylng instrument embodying struction, this member in the present instance being shown more or less diagrammatlcally inasmuch as the particular construction of the same forms no part of the present mvention.

Mounted within the telescope and preferably spaced from the walls thereof is a tubular member 2, this member beingconcentric with the telescope. The tubular member 2 is filled with liquid 3, as will be apparent from an inspection of Fig. 3, this liquid being rectified liquid Vaseline for example, or any other suitable transparent llquid that may be desired. The walls of the member 2 are provided with ports 4 in communication with the interior of the member 2 and also in communicationwith cylinders 5 mounted eXterio-rly of the member 2. I have here shown three ofthese cylinders but it is to be understood that the number may be varied as desired. l/Vithin each cyllnder is a piston 6 controlled by. a spring 7, the tension of which'may be adjusted if desired through the medium of adjusting screws 8. The purpose of this construction is to always insure that the contraction and expansion of the liquid 3 within the tubular member due to climatic or other conditions will not affect the accuracy of the instrument. I

lVithin-the tubular member 2 I provide concentric rings 9 and 10 respectively, these rings being preferably thickened at the portions designated 11 and reduced at 12 for a tions 12 of the rings are secured to but spaced from each other by an air chamber 14 but it is to be'understood that this air chamber may be dispensed with and some other means such asa float for example may be substituted therefor. Mounted for rotation in the reduced portions of the rings 12 and also extending longitudinally of the tubular member 2 is a shaft15. Secured to this shaft is a transversemember 15 to which is pivotally secured'a disk 16 which as will be seen from an inspectioniof Figs. 2 and 3 is suspended within the tubular member 2 and therefore in the liquid 3 therein. The-disk 16 is provided with two slots at right angles to each other,,-viz. a

vertical slot 17 and a horizontal slot 8,

the latter being at the lower extremity-ofthe former. Rigidly secured to the lower end of the disk 16 is a bridge 19 extending longitudinally of the tubular member 2 and provided adjacent its ends with alidades and 21. These alidades are at all times parallel to the horizontal slot.

The rings 9 and 10 and the apparatus carried thereby which has just been described, are freely movable within the tubular memher 2 and by reason of this fact and that the pivot and movement imparted to it about an lower ortions 11 of the rin s are thickened p b i the tendency of the rings will be to move at all times into the position shown in 3, this movement being assisted by the air chamber 14 so that regardless of the position in which the field glass is held the slot 17 in the disk 16 will always assume a vertical position.

It will be seen, therefore, that the disk 16 has movement about two axes at right angles to each'other, to wit, movement on its axis at right angles to this movement by ,rotation of the rings 9 and 10.

In use, therefore, as just pointed out, the

slot 17 always assumes a vertical position,

being brought to that position by gravity and the properties of the liquid 3. It will be seen also that for the same reason the .alidades 20 and 21 will always assume a position in line with the slot 18 and that the latter despite the fact that the rings 9 and j 10 ma be rrotated within the tube 2 will always be brought by gravity and the liquid adjustment or'settin'g oi the instruments asrequired with instruments as constructed up medium of the piston 6 that derangement 3 to a horizontal position. It is therefore possible to use the instrument of the present invention without first setting the telescope for horizontal adjustment. In other words with the present instrument it is possible to obtain accurate surveys without the initial to the time of this invention.

It will be apparent also that through 'the ofth'e instrument due to expansion and; con traction of the liquid under climatic cond1- tions is avoided.

It will be obvious from the foregoing that while I have here illustrated and described an embodiment of my invention, changes may be madein the details of construction illustrated and described within the pur view of the invention. What isclaimed is:

1. In combination, a tube and a disk pivotally mounted insaid tube and having two slots therein at right angles to each other, said disk having movement about two axes which are at right angles to each other.

2. In combination, a tube containing 7 liqu d, adiskpivotally mounted therein and prov ded with a horizontal and a vertical slot and means-cooperating. with the liquid to assist gravity in maintaining the last- 7 named slot in vertical position.

8. In combination, a tube, a disk pivotally mounted in said tube and provided with a slot, a member attached to said disk and having right members its ends in 'alinement with'said slot.

at. In combination, a tube having liquid therein, and a disk in said liquid pivotally mounted in said tube and provided with two slots at right angles to each other.

5. In a surveying instrument, the combination of atubular member containing liquid, a'disk pivotally mounted within said member and an air chamber operatively connected to said disk and functioning-t0 assist in causing the disk to assume a vertical position relative to said tubular member.

6. In a surveying instrument, thecombination of a tubular member containing liquid, a disk pivotally mounted within said member, an air chamber functioning to assist in bringing the disk to a vertical position and means for automatically compen- .t

eating for contraction and expansion of the liquid within said member.

7 In a surveying lnstrument, the combination of a tubular member containing liquid, a disk having slots therein atrig'ht angles to each other, said disk being pivotally mounted in said tubular member, a cylinder exterior of said tubular member, a spring-pressed piston in said cylinder and a port in said cylinder, communicating with the liquid in the tubular member for compensating for expansion and contraction of the liquid.

8. In a surveying instrument, the combination of a tubular member, spaced concentric rings suspended in said tubular memher, a rotatable shaft secured to said rings, a disk mounted on said shaft, said disk having slots therein at right anglesto each other and alidades secured to and'carried by said disk automatically maintained parallel to one of the slots in the disk and parallel to the faces of said disk 9. In a surveying instrument, the com bination of a tubular member conta ning iliquid, spaced concentric rings within said rings functioning automatically to bring the disk at all times to a vertical position relatively to the longitudinal axis of the tubular member.

11. A surveying instrument comprising a field glass, a tubular member therein containing liquid, spaced rings Within said tubular member, said rings being thickened at corresponding points in their periphery, means for rigidly securing said rings to each other at their thickened portions, said means functioning to maintain the rings spaced from each other a shaft extendin lon itudinally and pivotally secured to the reduced portions of said rings a disk secured to the last-named member, said disk being provided With a horizontal slot and a vertical slot, an air chamber secured to said rings adjacent the member carrying the disk, alidades secured to said disk and at all times parallel to the horizontal opening in the disk and to the faces ofsaid disk, a cylinder mounted on the exterior of said tubular member and between it and the Walls of the field glass, a spring-pressed piston Within said cylinder and a port establishing communication between said cylinder and the interior of said tubular member whereby contraction and expansion of the liquid is automatically compensated, the thickened portions of said concentric rings and the air chamber "functioning to bring the disk at all times vertical to the longitudinal axis of the field glass.

This specification signed this 6th day of April, 1920.

JERMAN ROSALES. 

